Definition De Charge Permanente En Francais
Loads applied to a limited footprint often need to be greater than the nominal operating load in order to reproduce the stresses for which the design was intended due to the transverse distribution effect of the floor. A permanent load layer on or near the side wall of the trench balances the spatial load in the exhausted semiconductor material during the OFF state. An edge termination structure includes a final dielectric trench with permanent load. With these parts, the problem arises especially with large floors. For other litters, the usual limits of distraction under stress usually allow you to protect yourself from this risk. 参 考资 料 •^ (法文 ) permanent resident (total) by district and municipality 瑞. For certain types of occupancy, light bulkheads the displacement or addition of which is accepted a priori shall be treated as operating costs under the conditions and limits laid down in Article 7. These lightweight bulkheads can be considered as a uniformly distributed continuous load of 1KN/m2 if the floors are designed in such a way as to ensure proper load distribution. Unless this is provided for and tests are not carried out, the test loads shall not exert higher voltages than those which would result from the application of the operating costs provided for in this text or in the DGM, unless specific calculation rules provide for specific increases (6). For the sake of simplification, the operating cost values referred to in Article 7 shall also include light appliances such as household liquid distribution pipes, sanitary appliances, radiators or individual heaters. To facilitate the calculation of these loads, the average values of a number of parameters (volume and surface weight, friction angle) have been given as an indication, which can be used in the absence of more precise measurements. (4) The distribution between fixed equipment and equipment forming part of the operating costs is not always obvious. The D.P.M.
must therefore clearly indicate what the specified operating cost values include. 5. Unless otherwise specified, these loads shall be applied to the soil. The operating cost values referred to in paragraph 7 shall take into account the common dynamic effects due to the movement of persons and light equipment, but shall not take into account dynamic amplification phenomena due to specific causes. Maintenance costs correspond to the materials and materials that can be applied to structures during repair and conversion work. Permanent overloads can be punctual or linear. A floor design that ensures the distribution of the load of the light distribution partitions must be provided a priori in the apartment, in which these partitions can be placed in any position. As an alternative, a dielectric layer can be used instead of doped glass, where a permanent charge is positioned in the dielectric layer.
In some cases, it is also necessary to provide climatic loads (snow, wind ..). These different factors, which are not independent, are dealt with below before Article 7 specifies the values of operating costs for different types of premises according to these different factors. The value of these loads is calculated based on the volume of materials and their highest density under the conditions of use. Permanent loads are considered as a uniformly distributed weight (screed, pipe, false ceilings…), which is indicated per m2 of surface. The load-bearing part of a floor must bear permanent loads, mainly related to coatings, operating costs related to the use of the building, occasional overloads (chimney, heavy partition …) and the dead weight of the floor. The values of the operating expenses defined below have the character of nominal values. In the absence of a general text, their conditions of consideration and weighting, as well as the conditions for permanent loads, are laid down in the calculation rules applicable to each building material. The values of operating costs are a function: the continuous load includes not only the dead weight of the load-bearing elements, but also the weights of the elements incorporated into the load-bearing elements, such as: ceiling, floor, plasters and coatings of any kind, as well as those of the elements of the construction supported or supported by the load-bearing elements, such as: fixed partitions, chimneys, ventilation ducts, etc. It is possible to predict the displacement of heavy bulkheads by an appropriate examination of the floor and to add to the loads indicated in the table the corresponding uniformly distributed load. This load shall be used for punching or local bending checks, irrespective of the m2 loads the principle of which is defined in Article 2. It is applied at the level of the finished floor, that is, screeds, screeds, chips and hard floor coverings can be taken into account in punching commands.
The surcharges to be taken into account when calculating the lower limits are set by the regulations at the following values. Install language packs for offline translation and download PROMT AGENT, a contextual translation plug-in in all Windows applications, with a PREMIUM subscription. This document discusses the “ongoing and operational costs” of buildings, their method of valuation and the values of these expenses to be included in the calculations.